Mask with vent columns

ABSTRACT

A nasal assembly for delivering breathable gas to a patient includes a frame having lateral connector, a cushion with a pair of nozzles, and a clip to secure the cushion to the frame. The frame includes a vent channel and a plurality of vent holes. The frame/cushion includes structure (lugs/cut outs) to prevent the assembly of an unvented frame with an unvented cushion, for safety purposes. The frame includes cored portions that interface with corner lugs provided on the cushion. A patient interface includes a frame, a cushion (nasal mask, nasal-oro mask, nozzles, etc.) and a vent assembly including a pattern of vent holes including at least two rows.

CROSS REFERENCE TO APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 17/537,557, filed Nov.30, 2021, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 15/293,694, filed Oct. 14,2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,202,877, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 12/084,373, filed Apr. 30, 2008, which is the U.S.National Phase of International Application No. PCT/AU2006/001507, filedOct. 13, 2006, which designated the U.S. PCT/AU2006/001507 is aContinuation-in-Part of U.S. Design Application No. 29/258,084, filedApr. 14, 2006, now D587,800, and PCT/AU2006/001507 claims the benefit ofU.S. Design Application No. 29/258,084, filed Apr. 14, 2006, and U.S.Provisional Patent Application Nos. 60/734,282, filed Nov. 8, 2005,60/758,200, filed Jan. 12, 2006, 60/795,615, filed Apr. 28, 2006,60/819,626, filed Jul. 11, 2006, and 60/838,442, filed Aug. 18, 2006,each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a nasal assembly used for treatment,e.g., of Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) with Continuous PositiveAirway Pressure (CPAP) or Non-invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation(NPPV).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Some nasal assemblies used in the treatment of SDB are designed forinsertion into or adjacent the nasal passages of the patient. Air orother breathable gas is supplied by a blower and passed along a flexibleconduit to the nasal assembly.

The nasal assembly generally includes a relatively rigid shell, e.g., aframe, and a pair of nozzles (which may be in the form of nasal pillows,nasal prongs, cannula, or nasal puffs) that are mounted on the rigidshell and structured to be inserted into or adjacent the nasal passagesof the patient. The nozzles are usually held in place using a headgearassembly, the relatively rigid shell and headgear assembly being joinedusing some form of connector.

One form of known nasal assembly is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,782,832(Trimble et al.). Trimble discloses a nasal puff assembly 20 thatincludes a nasal puff 22 adapted to be worn adjacent the nose of apatient, together with a harness assembly 24 adapted to be worn over thehead of the patient. The harness assembly 24 is designed to operativelyhold puff 22 adjacent and partially within the nasal passages of thepatient.

The puff 22 is in the form of a generally Y-shaped rigid hollow plenumchamber 28 together with a pair of laterally spaced apart nares elements30. Adjustability of the nares elements 30 may be provided by rotatablymounting the elements 30 to the plenum chamber 28 and mounting theelements 30 in slots permitting selective lateral positioning of theelements 30 with respect to each other. Also, the harness assembly 24may be adjusted to adjust the fit and seal of the nares elements 30during use. That is, the force required to maintain a sufficient seal isdirectly associated with the force required to maintain a desired fit.Thus, adjustment of the fit or stability of the nasal assembly directlyaffects the seal, which can adversely affect patient comfort.

Other examples of nasal pillows or cannula mounted to rigid shells aredisclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,724,965 and 6,431,172.

A nasal mask assembly manufactured by Viasys, i.e., Spiritus, includes aplenum chamber with a pair of adjacent or laterally spaced nareselements. A harness assembly is engaged with the plenum chamber toadjust the fit and seal of the nares elements during use. Similar toTrimble, adjustment of the fit or stability of the nasal assemblydirectly affects the seal, which can adversely affect patient comfort.

A nasal mask assembly manufactured by InnoMed, i.e., Nasal Aire,includes a plenum chamber with a pair of adjacent or laterally spacednares elements. The nares elements are structured to engage within themucosal surfaces or internal passages of the patient's nose to maintainthe nasal mask assembly on the patient's face and to provide a seal.See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,533,506.

A nasal mask assembly manufactured by Stevenson Industries (see U.S.Pat. No. 6,012,455), i.e., CPAP-Pro, includes a dental anchor, aplatform, and air supply tubes having nasal pads, wherein the platformsupports the air supply tubes. The dental anchor is sized to be engagedbetween the teeth in the patient's mouth so as to retain the assembly inplace.

PCT Application Publication No. WO 00/13751 discloses a device thatincludes gas delivery elements positioned into engagement with thepatient's nose by a mouthpiece fitted to the patient's teeth.

A common problem with known nasal assemblies, such as those discussedabove, is patient comfort. For example, the prongs tend to irritate thepatient's nose due to the tension applied by the headgear assembly thatpulls the rigid shell and prongs towards the patient's nose.

Another problem is achievement of a sealing fit with the patient's nasalpassages without sacrificing patient comfort.

Another problem is irritation of the inside of the patient's nostrilscaused by contact with the prongs, e.g., an edge thereof.

Another problem is irritation of the inside of the patient's nostrilscaused by air jetting (air flow irritation) from the prongs.

Another problem is adjustment of the nasal assemblies relative to thenose and/or head of the patient so as to accommodate various shapes andangles of patient's noses.

Still another problem is the direct association between sealing andstability forces that can affect patient comfort.

Still further nasal assemblies are known from the current assignee'sco-pending U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 11/101,657, filedApr. 8, 2005, and Ser. No. 10/781,929, filed Feb. 20, 2004, eachincorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

A further need has developed to even further reduce the noise associatedwith the washout or venting of exhaled gases from the breathing chamber.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the invention is directed towards a nasal assembly, inparticular an improved cushion/frame/vent/clip assembly having animproved frame, cushion, vent and/or clip component. The assembly mayeffectively reduce the noise associated with gas washout or venting ofthe patient.

Another aspect of the invention is to prevent the use of an old-styleframe (which has no vent holes) with a cushion as described herein(which also has no holes).

Another aspect of the invention is directed towards a frame that is easyand inexpensive to manufacture.

Another aspect of the invention is directed to a frame with a ventchannel and a plurality of vent holes, in which case it is not necessaryto provide the cushion with such gas washout vent holes.

According to another aspect of the invention, the clip may have ribs toimprove strength/stiffness, and/or to allow ease of grip. The clip mayalso have wings with compound curvature to help improvestrength/stiffness.

Another aspect of the invention provides a nasal assembly for deliveringbreathable gas to a patient. The assembly includes a frame having a mainbody and lateral sides, each lateral side including an integrally formedlateral connector; and a cushion including a pair of nozzles tocommunicate with nasal passages of a patient's nose in use, the cushionbeing coupled with the main body of the frame, wherein the frameincludes a vent channel provided in the main body, the vent channelincluding a pair of side walls extending from the main body towards abase wall, said base wall including at least one vent hole.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a nasalassembly for delivering breathable gas to a patient, comprising a framehaving a main body and lateral sides, each lateral side including anintegrally formed lateral connector; and a cushion including a pair ofnozzles to communicate with nasal passages of a patient's nose in use,the cushion being coupled with the main body of the frame, wherein theframe includes a plurality of vent holes, said vent holes being providedin two or more rows arranged such that the vent holes are offset fromone another.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a nasalassembly for delivering breathable gas to a patient, comprising a framehaving a main body and lateral sides, each lateral side including anintegrally formed lateral connector; and a cushion including a pair ofnozzles to communicate with nasal passages of a patient's nose in use,the cushion being coupled with the main body of the frame, wherein theframe includes longitudinal cushion channels to receive longitudinaledges of the cushion, at least one of said cushion channels including atleast one cut out to receive a lug of the cushion upon assembly.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a nasalassembly for delivering breathable gas to a patient, comprising a framehaving a main body and lateral sides, each lateral side including anintegrally formed lateral connector; and a cushion including a pair ofnozzles to communicate with nasal passages of a patient's nose in use,the cushion being coupled with the main body of the frame, wherein theframe includes a circumferential cushion channel provided to each saidlateral side of the frame, said frame including a cored portiongenerally aligned with each circumferential cushion channel, saidcushion including a corner lug to interface with each said coredportion.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a nasalassembly for delivering breathable gas to a patient, comprising a framehaving a main body and lateral sides, each lateral side including anintegrally formed lateral connector, the frame including at least onevent hole; a cushion including a pair of nozzles to communicate withnasal passages of a patient's nose in use, the cushion being coupledwith the main body of the frame; and a clip to secure the cushion to theframe, wherein the clip includes a vent window generally aligned withthe at least one vent hole.

According to still another aspect of the invention, there is provided apatient interface for delivering breathable gas to a patient, comprisinga frame; a cushion to communicate with a patient's airways in use, thecushion being coupled with the frame; and a vent portion including aplurality of vent holes, said vent holes being provided in two or morerows and the rows being arranged such that the vent holes are offsetfrom one another.

Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a full-face mask frameincluding a main body having a longitudinal axis and a vent assemblyprovided to the main body. The vent assembly includes a plurality ofholes arranged in at least one column. The at least one column isaligned with or parallel to the longitudinal axis.

Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a mask frame including amain body and a side frame portion provided on each lateral side of themain body. A vent assembly is provided to each side frame portion. Eachvent assembly includes a plurality of holes arranged in a multi-columnpattern and each column is vertically staggered with respect to oneanother.

Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a nasal assembly fordelivering breathable gas to a patient. The nasal assembly includes aframe and a cushion including a pair of nozzles to communicate withnasal passages of a patient's nose in use. The cushion is coupled withthe frame. The cushion includes a size indicator, a series of positionarrows, text, and/or a logo provided to one side of the cushion. Thesize indicator, series of position arrows, text, and/or logo are adaptedto provide a visual cue to assist the patient in achieving correctalignment and orientation of the cushion and frame with respect to thepatient in use.

Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a nasal assembly fordelivering breathable gas to a patient. The nasal assembly includes aframe including a main body and a cushion including a pair of nozzles tocommunicate with nasal passages of a patient's nose in use. The cushionis coupled with the main body of the frame. The frame includes a ventchannel provided in the main body. The vent channel includes a pair ofside walls extending from the main body towards a base wall. Each of theside walls includes a variable wall thickness along its length.

Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a nasal assembly fordelivering breathable gas to a patient. The nasal assembly includes aframe and a cushion coupled to the frame. The cushion includes a pair ofnozzles to communicate with nasal passages of a patient's nose in use.The frame includes a vent channel that leads to at least one vent hole.The vent channel is adapted to buffer and/or separate higher velocityand more turbulent air flow into and around the frame from an entranceto the at least one vent hole.

Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a mask frame including amain body including an aperture adapted to communicate with an elbow anda vent assembly provided to the main body. The vent assembly includes aplurality of holes arranged around the aperture.

Other aspects, features and advantages of this invention will becomeapparent from the following detailed description when taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are a part of thisdisclosure and which illustrate, by way of example, principles of thisinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings facilitate an understanding of the variousembodiments of this invention. In such drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a nasal assembly according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view illustrating a portion of the nasal assemblyshown in FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a frame according to an embodiment ofthe invention;

FIG. 4 is a reverse perspective view thereof;

FIG. 5 is a front view thereof;

FIG. 6 is a rear view thereof;

FIG. 7 is a side view thereof;

FIG. 8 is a top view thereof;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view along line 9-9 of FIG. 8 ;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view along a longitudinal axis of theframe, through one of the rows of vent holes;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a cushion according to an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 12 is a front view thereof;

FIG. 13 is a top view thereof;

FIG. 14 is a rear view thereof;

FIG. 15 is a bottom view thereof;

FIG. 16 is a front view similar to the front view of FIG. 12 , but fromslightly different orientation;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view along line 17-17 in FIG. 16 ;

FIG. 18 is a left side view thereof;

FIG. 19 is a right side view thereof;

FIG. 20 is a perspective cross-sectional view along line 20-20 in FIG.19 ;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a clip according to an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 22 is a reverse perspective view thereof;

FIG. 23 is a front view thereof;

FIG. 24 is a bottom view thereof;

FIG. 25 is a rear view thereof;

FIG. 26 is a side view thereof;

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a cushion subassembly according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a top view thereof;

FIG. 29 is a bottom view thereof;

FIG. 30 is a rear view thereof;

FIG. 31 is a side view thereof;

FIG. 32 is a front view thereof;

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view along line 33-33 of FIG. 32 ;

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view along line 34-34 of FIG. 32 ;

FIG. 35 illustrates a vent assembly according to another embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIGS. 36 and 37 illustrate a vent assembly according to anotherembodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 38-44 illustrate various views of a mask frame including a ventassembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 45-52 illustrate various views of a mask frame including a ventassembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 53-55 are various views of a cushion assembly according to anotherembodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 56A, 56B and 57 are various views of a frame of the cushionassembly shown in FIGS. 53-55 ;

FIGS. 58-59 are cross-sectional views through line A-A of FIG. 57 ;

FIGS. 60-61 are cross-sectional views through line B-B of FIG. 57 ;

FIGS. 62-64 are various exploded views of the cushion assembly shown inFIGS. 53-55 ;

FIG. 65 is a side view illustrating correct orientation of the cushionassembly shown in FIGS. 53-55 on a patient;

FIG. 66 is a side view illustrating incorrect orientation of the cushionassembly shown in FIGS. 53-55 on a patient;

FIG. 67 is an exploded view of a nasal assembly according to anotherembodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 68-75 are various views of a cushion assembly of the nasalassembly shown in FIG. 67 ;

FIGS. 76-83 are various views of a clip of the nasal assembly shown inFIG. 67 ;

FIG. 84 illustrates a mask including a vent assembly according toanother embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 85 is a schematic view of the vent assembly shown in FIG. 84 ;

FIGS. 86-87 illustrate an elbow according to an embodiment of thepresent invention; and

FIG. 88 illustrates an elbow retaining clip according to an embodimentof the present invention, the elbow retaining clip adapted for use withthe elbow shown in FIGS. 86-87 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS

The following includes a description of one or more illustratedembodiments of the present invention. Each illustrated embodimentincludes features that may be used with and/or in the other embodiments,or with the embodiments and/or components described in U.S.Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 10/781,929 and/or Ser. No.11/101,657, as would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.The general operation of the embodiments described herein issubstantially identical to the operation of the embodiments detailed inU.S. Ser. No. 10/781,929 and U.S. Ser. No. 11/101,557, and thereforewill not be repeated.

1.0 Overall Nasal Assembly

FIG. 1 illustrates a nasal assembly 5 according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , nasal assembly 5 includesheadgear 10 and a cushion assembly 15. Headgear 10 is designed tocapture the crown of the patient's head. Adjustment of strap tension canbe accomplished by pulling loose tabs 20 on the top of the head inopposite directions. The pulling direction is not aligned with the forcethe nozzle assembly applies to the patient. Therefore, the patient ismore isolated from the strap adjustment forces. Yokes 25 providestability to the sides. Yokes 25 retain at least a partial portion ofthe basic shape of headgear, which facilitates donning of the headgear.Headgear need not include adjustability toward front of the face, as alladjustment of headgear can be effected at the back or top of the head.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1 , one end of the cushion assembly 15 isprovided with a plug 30 and the other end is provided with a swivelelbow 35. The positions of the swivel elbow 35 and the plug 30 may beinterchanged, according to preference, e.g., the typical sleepingposition of the patient. An air delivery tube 40 is joined to the swivelelbow 35. The air delivery tube 40 may include a swivel connector andincludes an end which also may be provided with a swivel connector. Theend is provided with a source of pressurized gas.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the elbow 35 is angled about 120° from the cushionassembly 15. This helps to keep the tube out of line of sight, tominimize pressure drop and to maintain the flexion point of tube asclose to the face as possible. However, the elbow may have a typical 90°bend.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a portion of the nasal assembly 5 shown inFIG. 1 , including the cushion assembly 15, yoke 25, seal portion 50 andelbow 35 (the other side of the cushion assembly is provided with ayoke, seal portion and an elbow or plug). The yoke 25 may include a yokering 55. The cushion assembly 15 may be adjustably rotated with respectto headgear, to a position which best fits the patient. The ring of theyoke associated with the other side of the headgear (not shown) mayinclude an alignment marker that can be selectively aligned with one ofa plurality of alignment markers 60 provided on the cushion.

2.0 Cushion Assembly

Cushion assembly 15 includes a frame 65, a cushion 70 and a clip 75.FIGS. 3-10 show the frame in isolation, FIGS. 11-20 show the cushion inisolation, FIGS. 21-26 show the clip in isolation, and FIGS. 27-34 showthe assembly of the frame, cushion and clip.

2.1.0 Frame

As shown in FIG. 3 , frame 65 has a main body 80 and lateral sides. Eachlateral side includes a lateral connector portion 85. Frame 65 ispreferably made of molded plastic, e.g., polycarbonate and/orpolypropylene.

2.1.1 Vent Channel

Main body 80 of frame is provided with a vent channel 90 defined by abase wall 92 and a pair of side walls 94. Vent channel 90 extends froman inside surface 95 of the main body toward the base wall 92. An upperportion 100 of the vent channel 90 is positioned in a plane just belowthe lowest point 110 of the inlet aperture 115 of lateral connector 85.

Side walls 94 converge towards one another in the direction of the basewall at a slight angle alpha (α), e.g., about 2-5 degrees, preferably 2degrees. Each side wall 94 has a lower portion 120 that is provided tothe base wall 92 along a radius of curvature RL of about 0.2-0.4 mm,preferably about 0.3 mm, and the upper portion 100 that is curved, e.g.,with a radius of curvature RU of between about 0.5 to 1.5 mm, preferablyabout 0.9 to 1.0 mm. The width WS between the side walls is about 2-3mm, preferably about 2.6 mm. The width between the side walls increasesin the direction of upper portion 100 due to the angle alpha (α),described above.

2.1.2 Vent Holes

Channel 90 is in communication with a plurality of vent holes 130, e.g.,6-60 vent holes, and preferably about 35-45 vent holes, although therecould be more than 60 holes or less than 6 holes, depending onapplication. In the example of FIG. 5 , there are 39 holes. Each venthole 130 has a generally part conic shape, including opposed walls 135that converge from a larger diameter to a smaller diameter, as viewed inthe direction of exhausted gas. The walls 135 preferably converge at anangle beta (β), i.e., an included angle, of about 1-90 degrees, andpreferably 2-8 degrees, and even more preferably about 5 degrees. Eachwall preferably has a radius of curvature HR of about 0.15-0.35 mm,preferably 0.25 mm.

FIGS. 3, 5, 6 and 9 illustrate one possible vent arrangement thatincludes offset rows of vent holes. However, other arrangements arepossible. For example, FIG. 35 illustrates a portion of a vent assembly300 having a plurality of holes 305, e.g., 5-10 holes or more, arrangedin a pattern by three rows of holes 305. The center row includes one ormore additional holes at each end thereof. The positioning of theassembly 300 is similar to that shown in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 36 illustrates a portion of a vent assembly 400 according to yetanother embodiment of the invention. Vent assembly 400 includes aplurality of vent holes 405 arranged in a predetermined pattern. FIG. 37is a plan view of the pattern which includes center rows 410 eachincluding nine holes in side-by-side relation. Each center row 410 isflanked by an intermediate row 415, which in turn is flanked by outsiderows 420. Each intermediate row 415 includes seven holes, while eachoutside row 420 includes three holes. The holes in outside rows 420 arealigned with holes in the center rows 410, while the holes inintermediate rows 415 are offset from both the center rows 410 and theoutside rows 420. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that any of thevent configurations described above, especially the embodimentsdescribed in relation to FIGS. 35-37 , could be incorporated into anasal mask (e.g., ResMed's Mirage® nasal mask) or a full-face(nasal-oro) mask (e.g., ResMed's Ultra-Mirage® full face mask).

The vent holes in any of the above embodiments may be provided directlyon the frame and/or the cushion. In an alternative, the frame, cushionand/or air delivery conduit can be provided with an aperture into whicha substrate with the holes is inserted or otherwise provided. Thesubstrate may take the form of an insert, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 6,561,190, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Inanother alternative, vent holes may be provided in headgear.

As can be seen from FIGS. 5, 6 and 9 , the holes 130 are preferablyarranged in two rows having a predetermined pitch. For example, the rowsare offset to allow more holes to be fitted into a smaller space,thereby keeping the size of the vent channel 90 to a minimum. As seen inFIG. 6 , the centers of holes in adjacent rows are spaced a depth DH ofabout 0.75 to 1.25 mm, preferably 1.0 mm, and a width WH of about1.1-1.3 mm, preferably about 1.175 mm. The center-to-center distance(“true pitch”) between the holes is about 1.5-1.6 mm, preferably about1.54 mm. The length LVC of the vent channel is about 45-55 mm,preferably about 48 mm.

Each hole 130 preferably has the following dimensions: length HL: about1.0-2.5 mm, preferably about 1.7 mm; outlet diameter HO: about 0.5-1.0mm, preferably about 0.7 mm; radius of curvature at the upper end of thehole (HR): about 0.15-0.35 mm, preferably about 0.25 mm.

2.1.3 Cushion Channels and Cut Outs

Frame 65 includes lugs 140 (FIGS. 3, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ) to help form alongitudinal cushion channel 145 into which an edge portion 71 of thecushion 70 is fitted, to secure the cushion relative to the frame toform a frame/cushion subassembly prior to attachment of the clip. Asshown in FIG. 4 , cushion channel 145 is provided on each side of thevent channel Cushion channel 145 is provided with structure to enhancealignment with the cushion. For example, each cushion channel 145 mayinclude one or more cut outs 150 to receive corresponding lugs 155(e.g., FIG. 20 ) of the cushion (described below). Frame also includescircumferential channels 146 (FIG. 5 ) to receive end portions 72 of thecushion 70.

2.1.4 Coring

Frame includes cored portions 160 (FIG. 10 ) adjacent to each lateralconnector. Cored portions 160 help facilitate manufacturing, by thinningout the plastic section. A thickened section has a higher possibility ofleaving sink marks.

2.1.5 Noise Reduction

The vent channel 90 of the frame 65 is structured to reduce vent noisegenerated by the vent holes. In the illustrated embodiment, the entranceto the vent holes 130 is located at the bottom of the vent channel 90.As a result, turbulent inflow is entrained into or guided within thevent channel 90 which decreases the turbulence of the flow in the maskchamber before the flow passes into the vent holes 130. Because the flowentering the vent is not highly turbulent, the noise induced byturbulent flow passing through the vent is reduced (effecting a noisereduction throughout the whole breathing cycle, not just inhalation).

The vent channel 90 also acts as a buffer between the high flow region(generally between the opposed inlet apertures 115) and the entrance tothe vent holes 130. This arrangement has the effect of quieting thenasal assembly during inhalation when flow through the nasal assembly isat its highest and most turbulent.

Specifically, inflow during inhalation includes a relatively highvelocity cross flow, wherein air enters the cushion assembly 15laterally and normal to the orientation of the vent holes 130. Noise maybe produced by this air flow if it encounters obstructions orirregularities, such as an array of vent holes. By providing the ventholes 130 at the bottom of the vent channel 90, the air flow does notdirectly encounter this irregular geometry. Therefore, noise generatedfrom the vent holes 130 may be eliminated and/or reduced.

2.2.0 Cushion

Cushion 70 includes a main body 170 supporting a pair of nozzle members175 that are designed to engage with a user's nares in use.

2.2.1 Lugs

As best shown in FIGS. 17 and 20 , cushion includes one or more lugs 155that are fitted snugly relative to cut 150 outs in frame 65. Theprovision of the matching lugs and cut outs helps prevent the assemblyof cushion 70 (that has no vent holes) to a frame (not shown) without avent. Thus, the situation is avoided where the user inadvertentlyattempts to couple a ventless frame with a ventless cushion.

2.2.2 No Vent Holes

Cushion 70 has no vent holes, since the vent holes are provided in theframe 65. However, the wall thickness of a portion 180 (FIG. 19 ) of thecushion remains thickened to support nozzle members 175.

2.2.3 Corner Lugs

As shown in FIG. 20 , cushion 70 includes corner lugs 185 to interfacewith cored portions 160 of frame 15.

2.3.0 Clip

Clip 75 includes a main body having lateral ends, either one of whichcan be assembled to the cushion/frame subassembly, by sliding action tosecure same.

2.3.1 Vent Window

Clip 75 includes a vent window 190 that aligns with the vent holes invent channel upon assembly of the clip to the cushion/frame subassembly.

2.3.2 Ribs

Clip 75 includes ribs 195 provided on each lateral side thereof. Ribs195 help with strength and stiffness, as well as provide a grip surface.

2.3.3 Wings

Clip 75 includes wings 200 on each side of the main body. Wings 200preferably have a compound curved shape, to improve strength andstiffness.

3.0 Alternative Mask Arrangements

Vent configurations, such as those described above, may be incorporatedinto other mask arrangements. For example, FIGS. 38-44 illustrate anembodiment of a frame 550 for a full-face (nasal-oro) mask. Asillustrated, the frame 550 includes an upper support member 560 adaptedto support a forehead support, lower headgear clip receptacles 570adapted to be engaged with clips provided to straps of a headgearassembly, and a lower bore 580 adapted to engage an inlet conduit, e.g.,elbow. Also, the perimeter of the frame includes a plurality of slots590 therethrough, e.g., three slots. The slots 590 are adapted to engagea cushion clip that retains a cushion on the frame 550. Such a framearrangement is disclosed in PCT Application Nos. PCT/AU2006/000035 andPCT/AU2006/000037, each incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety.

As best shown in FIGS. 38, 40, 41, and 44 , the upper portion of theframe 550 includes a vent assembly 500 similar to that shown in FIG. 35. The vent assembly 500 is positioned on the frame 550 belowspaced-apart side walls 565 of the upper support member 560. The ventassembly 500 includes a plurality of holes 505 arranged in a threecolumn pattern. As illustrated, the columns are aligned or parallel tothe longitudinal axis L of the frame, e.g., the center column is alignedwith the longitudinal axis and the outside columns are parallel to thelongitudinal axis (see FIG. 41 ). The center column 510 includes 10-20holes, e.g., 15 holes, and each outside column 515 includes 8-15 holes,e.g., 12 holes. The holes 505 in the outside columns 515 are alignedwith the holes 505 in the center column 510, with the center column 510having one additional hole at the upper end and two additional holes atthe lower end. In the illustrated embodiment, each hole 505 has agenerally part conic shape, including opposed walls that converge from alarger (inside) diameter (e.g., about 1.28 mm) to a smaller (outside)diameter (e.g., about 0.7 mm), as viewed in the direction of exhaustedgas. The included angle of the cone may be about 14°, the height of thecone may be about 2.38 mm, and a radius provided on the inside diametermay be about 0.75 mm. However, the frame 550 may include other ventarrangements, e.g., the vent arrangement shown in FIGS. 36-37 . In thisarrangement, the first and second center columns may be parallel to andoffset from the longitudinal axis of the frame.

FIGS. 45-52 illustrate a vent configuration incorporated into a frame650 for a nasal and mouth mask. As illustrated, the frame 650 includes amain body 660 having a side frame portion 670 on each lateral sidethereof. The main body 660 includes an aperture 662 and a flanged collarmember 664 adapted to engage an elbow. Also, the frame 650 includes achannel 680 for retaining a mouth cushion which supports nasal prongs.In addition, each side frame portion 670 includes headgear attachmentpoints, e.g., upper and lower anchors 672, 674, for attaching a headgearassembly. Such a frame arrangement is disclosed in U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 60/795,562, entitled “Mask System” and filed Apr. 28,2006, the entirety incorporated herein by reference.

In the illustrated embodiment, a vent assembly 600 is provided in eachside frame portion 670 of the frame 650, adjacent the upper anchors 672.Each vent assembly 600 includes an array or pattern of relatively smallholes 605 arranged in a plurality of columns, e.g., 3-10 columns, and inthe example illustrated, 5 columns. The 5 columns are verticallystaggered with respect to one another. Also, the first hole in eachcolumn cooperate to form an axis A that is angled at an angle α (whenviewed from the front as shown in FIG. 48 ) of about 15-35°, e.g., 25°,with respect to vertical axis V. As best shown in the side view of FIG.50 , each hole is provided along a plane P (approximate plane shown inFIG. 50 due to frame angle in side view) that forms an angle β of about20-40°, e.g., 30°, with respect to vertical axis V. As shown in thebottom view of FIG. 51 , each hole has a longitudinal axis L that isangled at an angle of about −10° to about 45°, e.g., 0°, with respect totransverse axis T. Each column includes 2-6 holes, e.g., 4 holes. In theillustrated embodiment, each hole 605 has a generally part conic shape,including opposed walls that converge from a larger diameter to asmaller diameter, as viewed in the direction of exhausted gas. Thesmaller diameter may be about 0.7 mm, the larger diameter may be about 1mm, the included angle of the cone may be about 10°, and the height ofthe cone may be about 1.7 mm. However, other vent arrangements arepossible.

As illustrated, the holes 605 are located away from the elbow aperture662 to avoid air flow interference. Also, the holes 605 are located nearheadgear attachment points 672 where the frame 650 is relatively flat tothe users face for the anchor structures. In addition, the holes 605 arepositioned on relatively flat portions of the frame 650 so that air maybe vented perpendicularly from the general plane of the patient's faceto avoid air jetting towards a bed partner. Thus, this vent arrangementoptimizes mask operation and is synergistic in that it utilizes an areaof the frame 650 which is relatively flat to the patient's face for twopurposes, i.e., anchor structure and perpendicular venting. Aestheticsof the frame 650 are also improved significantly by reducing the numberof relatively flat areas that are provided on the frame 650.

4.0 Alternative Embodiment of Cushion Assembly

FIGS. 53-66 illustrate a cushion assembly 715 according to anotherembodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, the cushionassembly 715 includes a frame 765 and a cushion 770 provided to theframe 765. Although not illustrated, it should be understood that aclip, e.g., clip 75 described above, may be provided to secure thecushion 770 to the frame 765. FIGS. 53-55 show assembled views of thecushion 770 and frame 765, FIGS. 56A-61 show the frame 765 in isolation,FIGS. 62-64 show the assembly of the frame 765 and the cushion 770, andFIGS. 65-66 illustrate orientation of the cushion assembly 715.

4.1.0 Frame

As best shown in FIGS. 56A-61 , the frame 765 has a main body 780 andlateral sides. Each lateral side includes a lateral connector portion785. The frame 765 is preferably made of molded plastic, e.g.,polycarbonate and/or polypropylene.

4.1.1 Vent Channel

The main body 780 of the frame 765 is provided with a vent channel 790defined by a base wall 792 and a pair of side walls 794. The ventchannel 790 extends from an inside surface 795 of the main body towardthe base wall 792.

4.1.2 Vent Holes

The channel 790 is in communication with a plurality of vent holes 830,e.g., 6-60 vent holes, and preferably about 35-45 vent holes, althoughthere could be more than 60 holes or less than 6 holes, depending onapplication. In the example of FIG. 57 , there are 38 holes. Each venthole 830 may have a similar conic shape such as vent hole 130 describedabove. In addition, the vent arrangement includes offset rows of ventholes. However, other arrangements are possible.

4.1.3 Cushion Channels and Cut Outs

The frame 765 includes lugs 840 to help form a longitudinal cushionchannel 845 into which an edge portion 771 of the cushion 770 is fitted,to secure the cushion 770 relative to the frame 765 to form aframe/cushion subassembly prior to attachment of the clip. The cushionchannel 845 is provided on each side of the vent channel 790 andincludes one or more cut outs 850 to receive corresponding lugs of thecushion 770 (as described above with respect to cushion 70 and frame65). Frame 765 also includes circumferential channels 846 to receive endportions of the cushion 770.

4.1.4 Thickened Side Wall

In the illustrated embodiment, the side walls 794 of the frame 765 arelocally thickened at the cut outs 850. Specifically, the wall sectionsS1 at the cut outs 850 (i.e., between lugs 840) are thickened withrespect to the adjacent wall sections S2 supporting lugs 840. Thisarrangement increases the strength of the side wall 794 to reducebending stress, which results in an increase in strength of the overallframe 765.

For example, the wall section S1 between lugs 840 shown in FIGS. 58-59is thicker than the wall section S2 supporting lugs 840 shown in FIGS.60-61 . In an embodiment, the wall section S1 may have a thickness T ofabout 1.20 mm and the wall section S2 may have a thickness t of about1.0 mm. However, other thicknesses are possible depending onapplication. In previous designs, the side walls 794 had a substantiallyconstant wall thickness along its length.

4.1.5 Fillet Size Increase

As shown in FIGS. 56A, 56B, and 57 , the size of the fillets F betweenthe side walls 794 and the lugs 840 has been increased relative toprevious designs. In an embodiment of the fillet F, as shown in FIG.56B, the radius R₁ may be in the range of 0.1-0.95 mm, e.g., preferably0.6 mm, the radius R₂ may be in the range of 0.1-0.95 mm, e.g.,preferably 0.5 mm, and the radius R₃ may be in the range of 0.1-1.2 mm,e.g., preferably 1.2 mm. Although specific dimensions and ranges of thefillet F are indicated, it is to be understood that these dimensions andranges are merely exemplary and other dimensions and ranges are possibledepending on application. For example, the exemplary dimensions may varyby 10-20% or more or less depending on application.

The fillet size increase provides better stress distribution at thejunction between the side walls 794 and the lugs 840. Thus, the filletsize increase (along with the thickened side walls described above)results in overall strength improvement of the frame 765.

4.2.0 Cushion

The cushion 770 is substantially similar to the cushion 70 describedabove. As illustrated, the cushion 770 includes a main body 870supporting a pair of nozzle members 875 that are designed to engage witha user's nares in use.

4.2.1 Logo/Indicators

The main body 870 of the cushion 770 includes a size indicator 702,e.g., medium (M) size, and a series of position arrows 704 to facilitatepositioning between the headgear and the cushion assembly 715. Inaddition, the cushion 770 includes text and/or a logo 706, e.g., ResMedlogo. As illustrated, the logo 706, the size indicator 702, and theposition arrows 704 protrude from the main body 870, e.g., raisedconfiguration, to facilitate recognition.

In the illustrated embodiment, the logo 706, the size indicator 702, andthe position arrows 704 are provided on one side of the main body 870.This labeling arrangement provides a visual cue to assist the patient inachieving correct alignment and orientation of the cushion 770 and frame765 with respect to the patient.

Specifically, the labeling arrangement prevents incorrect assembly ofthe cushion assembly 715 (i.e., cushion 770 and frame 765) onto theheadgear. As shown in FIG. 65 , when the cushion assembly 715 iscorrectly oriented on the headgear (and hence correctly oriented withrespect to the patient in use), the logo 706, size indicator 702, andposition arrows (not visible in FIG. 65 ) face outwards or away from thepatient in use. However, as shown in FIG. 66 , when the cushion assembly715 is incorrectly oriented on the headgear (and hence incorrectlyoriented with respect to the patient in use), the logo 706, sizeindicator 702, and position arrows (not visible in FIG. 66 ) faceinwards or towards the patient. Thus, the patient may easily determineif the cushion assembly 715 is correctly oriented.

Often, the frame 765 remains attached to the headgear and the cushion770 is removed from the frame/headgear subassembly, e.g., for cleaning.When the cushion 770 is re-assembled to the frame 765 (e.g., see FIGS.62-64 ), the logo 706, size indicator 702, and position arrows 704 maybe used as a visual cue to assist the patient in achieving correctalignment and orientation of the cushion 770 onto the frame 765.

In an embodiment, the logo 706, the size indicator 702, and/or theposition arrows 704 may be provided to facilitate orientation.

5.0 Alternative Embodiment of Nasal Assembly

FIGS. 67-83 illustrate a nasal assembly 905 according to anotherembodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 67 , the nasalassembly 905 includes a cushion assembly 915, yokes 925 to providestability to the sides of the headgear, seal portion 950 and elbow 935provided to one end of the cushion assembly 915, and seal portion 950and plug 930 provided to the other end of the cushion assembly 915. Thepositions of the swivel elbow 935 and the plug 930 may be interchanged,according to preference, e.g., the typical sleeping position of thepatient.

The yoke 925 may include a yoke ring 955. The cushion assembly 915 maybe adjustably rotated with respect to headgear, to a position which bestfits the patient. The ring 955 of the yoke 925 associated with the otherside of the headgear may include one or more alignment markers 961 thatcan be selectively aligned with one of a plurality of alignment markers960 provided on the cushion.

5.1 Swivel Elbow

The swivel elbow 935 includes one end provided to the cushion assembly915 and the opposite end provided to an air delivery tube. Asillustrated, the end provided to the cushion assembly 915 includes twoprongs 937 and a pair of key-shaped apertures 939 (only one aperturebeing visible) to reduce stress. Such a swivel elbow is disclosed in PCTApplication No. PCT/AU2004/000207, filed Feb. 20, 2004, the entirety ofwhich is incorporated herein by reference.

5.2 Cushion Assembly

The cushion assembly 915 includes a frame 965, a cushion 970 and a clip975. FIGS. 68-75 show the assembly of the frame, cushion, and clip, andFIGS. 76-83 show the clip in isolation.

5.3 Frame

The frame 965 may be similar to one or more of the frames describedabove. Therefore, the frame 965 will not be described in further detail.

5.4 Cushion

The cushion 970 may be similar to one or more of the cushions describedabove. Therefore, the cushion 970 will not be described in furtherdetail.

5.5 Clip

The clip 975 includes a main body having lateral ends, either one ofwhich can be assembled to the cushion/frame subassembly, by slidingaction to secure the same. Such a clip is disclosed in U.S. DesignApplication No. 29/258,084, filed Apr. 14, 2006, the entirety of whichis incorporated herein by reference.

5.5.1 Vent Window

The clip 975 includes a vent window 1090 that aligns with the vent holesin vent channel upon assembly of the clip to the cushion/framesubassembly.

5.5.2 Ribs

The clip 975 includes two ribs 1095, 1097 provided on each lateral sidethereof. The two ribs 1095, 1097 increases stiffness to preventdisassembly of the clip 975, thus improving the retention and seal ofthe cushion 970 to the frame 965. In addition, the two ribs 1095, 1097improve usability by providing grip during assembly/disassembly.

5.5.3 Wings

The clip 975 includes wings 1000 on each side of the main body. Thewings 1000 extend laterally from a bottom of the clip 975 (e.g., incontrast to wings 200 that extend from a top surface of clip 75.

In addition, each wing 1000 has a reinforced section 1002 that increasesstiffness in the clamping direction to prevent disassembly of the clip975, thus improving the retention and seal of the cushion 970 to theframe 965.

6.0 Alternative Vent Arrangement

FIG. 84 illustrates a nasal and mouth mask 1115 including a frame 1150having a vent assembly 1100 according to another embodiment of thepresent invention. The frame 1150 is substantially similar to the frame650 described above. As illustrated, the frame 1150 includes a main body1160 having a side frame portion 1170 on each lateral side thereof. Themain body 1160 includes an aperture 1162 (e.g., see FIG. 85 ) adapted toretain an elbow 1135. Also, the frame 1150 is structured to retain amouth cushion which supports nasal prongs 1175. In addition, each sideframe portion 1170 includes headgear attachment points, e.g., upper andlower anchors 1172, 1174, for attaching a headgear assembly.

In contrast to the frame 650, the frame 1150 includes a vent assembly1100 that extends around the aperture 1162 and hence the elbow 1135 inuse. As schematically shown in FIG. 85 , the frame 1150 includes arelatively flattened area 1151 around the aperture 1162 (also referredto as an elbow mounting hole) adapted to retain the elbow 1135. The ventassembly 1100 is provided to the relatively flattened area 1151 andincludes an array or pattern of relatively small holes 1105 arranged inconcentric circles around the aperture 1162. This arrangement directsair directly away from all materials, e.g., pillows and bed linens, toreduce noise, and spreads the holes over a relatively wide area so thatthe bed partner will not be affected by a concentrated airstream.

In the illustrated embodiment, the holes 1105 are arranged in twoconcentric circles C1, C2 around the aperture 1162. However, the holesmay be arranged in any number of circles around the aperture, e.g., 1-10concentric circles. Also, each circle may include any suitable number ofholes, e.g., 5-50 holes. The holes in adjacent circles may be alignedand/or offset from one another. However, the holes 1105 may be arrangedin other suitable arrangements around the aperture 1162. For example,the holes 1105 may be non-concentrically arranged around the aperture1162, e.g., randomly arranged. In addition, each hole 1105 may include agenerally part conic shape as described above.

It should be appreciated that the vent assembly 1100 may be incorporatedinto other mask arrangements, e.g., nasal mask, full-face mask, etc.

6.1 Noise Reduction

The vent assembly 1100 described above may create noise when flow fromthe vent holes 1105 engages or blows into the back of the elbow 1135. Toprevent this, a “keyed” elbow retaining clip may be used that isstructured to mask holes when they are aligned with the elbow 1135.

FIGS. 86-88 illustrate an elbow assembly according to an embodiment ofthe present invention. The elbow assembly includes an elbow 1135 (FIGS.86-87 ) and an elbow retaining clip 1136 (FIG. 88 ) to retain the elbow1135 to the frame 1150.

The elbow 1135 includes a mating portion 1141 that is inserted into theaperture 1162 provided in the frame 1150, and the elbow retaining clip1136 is attached to the mating portion 1141 from an inner side of theframe 1150 so as to prevent withdrawal of the mating portion 1141 andhence the elbow 1135 from the aperture 1162.

As illustrated, the mating portion 1141 includes a key or protrusion1143 that is adapted to engage within a corresponding keyway or recess1137 provided to the elbow retaining clip 1136. The engagement betweenthe key 1143 and keyway 1137 ensures that the elbow retaining clip 1136is correctly oriented with respect to the elbow 1135.

Moreover, the elbow retaining clip 1136 includes a wiper member or tab1139 that is structured to block, cover, and/or mask one or more ventholes 1105 from the inner side of the frame 1150 which are aligned withthe elbow 1135. This arrangement blocks vent flow from blowing into theback of the elbow 1135, which reduces noise in use. Because the elbowretaining clip 1136 is keyed with the elbow 1135, the wiper member 1139will rotate along the elbow 1135 to block the affected vent holes, i.e.vent holes aligned with the elbow 1135.

This vent and elbow arrangement has several advantages. For example, therelatively small vent holes provides lower mask noise for the patientand bed partner, and the diffuse placement of the vent holes provides alower risk of the bed partner being affected. Because there are lesscomplaints from the bed partner, the mask provides greater compliance asthe patient may be more willing to wear the mask.

While the invention has been described in connection with what arepresently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments,it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to thedisclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover variousmodifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit andscope of the invention. Also, the various embodiments described abovemay be implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, e.g., aspectsof one embodiment may be combined with aspects of another embodiment torealize yet other embodiments. Further, each independent feature orcomponent of any given assembly may constitute an additional embodiment.In addition, while the invention has particular application to patientswho suffer from OSA, it is to be appreciated that patients who sufferfrom other illnesses (e.g., congestive heart failure, diabetes, morbidobesity, stroke, barriatric surgery, etc.) can derive benefit from theabove teachings. Moreover, the above teachings have applicability withpatients and non-patients alike.

What is claimed is:
 1. A mask assembly for delivering pressurizedbreathable air to a patient, comprising: a frame having a main body witha lower bore to receive the pressurized air, the frame having alongitudinal axis dividing the lower bore into lateral halves; an elbowin communication with the lower bore; and a cushion configured to sealaround the nose or nose and mouth of the patient in use, the cushionbeing coupled with the main body of the frame, wherein the frameincludes a vent arrangement positioned along the longitudinal axis abovethe lower bore, the vent arrangement consisting of a three columnpattern including a center column and a pair of outside columns, thecenter column being aligned with and fixedly located on the longitudinalaxis and each of the outside columns being parallel to but offset fromthe longitudinal axis, wherein the center column includes 5-20 holesthrough the frame and each said outside column includes 5-20 holesthrough the frame.
 2. The mask assembly according to claim 1, whereinthe holes in the outside columns are aligned with the holes in thecenter column.
 3. The mask assembly according to claim 1, wherein theholes in the outside columns are offset relative to the holes in thecenter column.
 4. The mask assembly according to claim 1, wherein eachof the holes has a part conic shape, including opposed walls thatconverge from a larger inside diameter to a smaller outside diameter asviewed in the direction of exhausted air.
 5. The mask assembly accordingto claim 1, wherein the mask assembly further comprises an upper supportmember that supports a forehead support, the upper support memberincluding spaced apart side walls and at least an upper part of thecenter column and an upper part of each said outside column ispositioned between the side walls of the upper support member, the sidewalls projecting in an anterior direction such that at least the upperpart of the center column and the upper part of each said outside columnis recessed between the side walls.
 6. The mask assembly according toclaim 1, wherein the center column has more holes than each of theoutside columns.
 7. The mask assembly according to claim 1, wherein eachsaid hole has a length of about 1.7 mm.
 8. The mask assembly accordingto claim 1, wherein the frame comprises a molded plastic ofpolycarbonate and/or polypropylene through which the vent holes areformed, and the cushion comprises an elastomeric material.
 9. Theassembly according to claim 1, wherein said frame includes a cushionchannel to receive a longitudinal edge of the cushion.
 10. The maskassembly according to claim 1, wherein the three column pattern isprovided on an oval shaped portion of the main body of the frame. 11.The mask assembly according to claim 1, wherein the holes in the outsidecolumns are offset relative to the holes in the center column, each ofthe holes has a part conic shape, including opposed walls that convergefrom a larger inside diameter to a smaller outside diameter as viewed inthe direction of exhausted air, wherein the center column has more holesthan each of the outside columns, wherein the frame comprises a moldedplastic of polycarbonate and/or polypropylene, and the cushion comprisesan elastomeric material, wherein a width of the vent arrangement is lessthan a diameter of the lower bore; wherein each of the columns includes8-15 holes; and wherein said frame includes a cushion channel to receivea longitudinal edge of the cushion.
 12. A patient interface fordelivering breathable gas to a patient, comprising: a frame including alongitudinal axis configured to align with the patient's sagittal planein use a cushion to communicate with a patients airways in use, thecushion being coupled with the frame; and a vent portion including aplurality of vent holes extending through a rigid material of the frame,said vent holes being provided in at least three columns each beingfixed on or parallel to the longitudinal axis and each column havingbetween 8-15 vent holes, wherein said holes converge towards the outletside, wherein the at least three columns include at least one centercolumn and a pair of outside columns, the holes in the outside columnsbeing offset relative to the holes in the at least one center column andwherein at least an upper part of the at least one center column and anupper part of each said outside column are recessed between side wallsof an upper support member supporting a forehead support.
 13. Thepatient interface according to claim 12, wherein said cushion is a nasalonly cushion.
 14. The patient interface according to claim 12, whereinsaid cushion is a nasal-oro cushion configured to surround the patient'snose and mouth.
 15. The patient interface according to claim 12, whereinthe vent holes are arranged in a pattern consisting of three columns.16. The patient interface according to claim 13, wherein the threecolumns are provided on an oval shaped portion of the main body of theframe.
 17. The patient interface according to claim 12, wherein theframe comprises a molded plastic of polycarbonate and/or polypropylene,and the cushion comprises an elastomeric material.
 18. The patientinterface according to claim 12, wherein the vent holes are provided inonly three columns with the at least one center column being only asingle center column aligned with the longitudinal axis and the outsidecolumns being parallel to but offset from the longitudinal axis.
 19. Thepatient interface according to claim 18, wherein the center column hasmore holes than each of the outside columns.
 20. The patient interfaceaccording to claim 12, wherein all the holes are provided in asubstantially flat portion of the frame.